Human Smuggling and Trafficking
From/Via Eastern Europe
The Former ‘Intelligence’ and the Intermediary Structures. An analysis of 50 Belgian case studies covering the period 1995-2003
The Former ‘Intelligence’ and the Intermediary Structures. An analysis of 50 Belgian case studies covering the period 1995-2003
Abstract
This article examines the role of former members of the ‘intelligence’ in human smuggling and trafficking from and via Eastern Europe. It shows how their role developed in the formation of the intermediary field of human smuggling where travel agencies and access to several kinds of official documents (visas) have a role. The authors do this by means of a limited literature overview of current studies on Bulgaria and Albania and by means of 50 Belgian case studies from the period 1995 to June 2003.
Résumé
Cet article examine le rôle des ex-membres des services de la sûreté dans le développement des trafics et de la traite des êtres humains en Europe de l'Est. Il montre comment leur rôle s'est développé dans la formation du terrain intermédiaire du trafic des êtres humains où des agences de voyage et l'accès aux visas comme documents officiels jouent un rôle. Les auteurs le font par l'étude de la littérature existante sur certains dossiers bulgares et albanais et par un examen de 50 cas belges datant de la période entre 1995 et 2003.
Keywords
Human trafficking – human smuggling – Eastern Europe – (former) intelligence
Human trafficking – human smuggling – Eastern Europe – (former) intelligence
Download
full article as .pdf
If download does not start automatically, try right clicking the link and 'Save source'.
If download does not start automatically, try right clicking the link and 'Save source'.